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Introduction: Stories of Slavery in the Colonial North
Defining Slavery
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Labor Systems
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Native Americans
Europeans
Africans
Establishing Slave Laws
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The Impact of Slave Laws
Person or Property
The Middle Passage
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The Story of the
Charles
The Philipse Family and the Slave Trade
The Business of Slavery
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Who Benefits
Legal Property
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The Philipsburg Manor Inventory
Being Enslaved
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Skilled Labor
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Caesar’s Story
Facts and Figures
More Skilled Labor Stories
Marriage
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Stories About Marriage
Family
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Joan and John Jackson’s Story
A Bill of Sale
More Stories About Family
Elders
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Stories About Elders
Community
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Creating Identity, Retaining Culture
Phillis Wheatley’s Story
More Stories About Community
Choosing Resistance
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Making Choices
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What Could They Do?
Negotiation
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Jack and Parthenia’s Story
More Stories About Negotiating
Seizing Opportunity
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Stories About Seizing Opportunity
Running Away
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Norton Minors: “...a Caulker and Ship Carpenter”
Ben: “...Supposed to be Drown’d”
Sobiner: “...can read well”
More Stories About Running Away
Fighting Back
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Burning the City of New York
More Stories About Fighting Back
Pursuing Justice
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Purchasing Freedom
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Stories About Purchasing Freedom
Using the Law
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Stories About Using the Law
Emancipation and Abolition
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Gradual Emancipation Acts
Stories About Gradual Emancipation
Confronting the Past
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Erasing History
The Philipsburg Manor Case Study
Finding Connections
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A Legacy of Racism
Studying Northern Slavery
Contemporary Response
TimeMap
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1400 – 1599
Africans in the New World
1600 – 1699
African Captives in the North
1700 – 1799
Northern Spread of Slavery
1800 – 1865
Decline of Slavery in the North
Northern Historic Sites
Teacher Resources
Sitemap
Bibliography
Glossary
Related Links
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Gracelaw Simmons
Communications Secretary
Royall House & Slave Quarters
Edward Smith
Head Librarian
Suffolk County Historical Society
Carolyn Wallace
Education Director
Cliveden
Barbara M. Ward
Director/Curator
Moffatt-Ladd House & Garden
Alexandra Parsons Wolfe
Director
Society for the Preservation of Long Island Antiquities
David Young
Executive Director
Cliveden
Episcopal Diocese of Rhode Island Center for Reconciliation
Equal Justice Initiative
Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) /Point of View
The Tracing Center
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