Caesar’s Skills

1687

Giovanni Antonio Cavazzi (Italian, 1621–1678)

Congolese craftspeople demonstrated advanced metal-working skills in the 17th century, including smelting copper and forging iron.

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA.

1686

Olfert Dapper (Dutch, 1636–1689)

Travel and transport along the Niger and Geba Rivers meant a tradition of boatbuilding flourished in the region now known as Guinea and Guinea-Bissau.

GRANGER / GRANGER — All rights reserved.

late 18th c.

Unknown

A master tradesman, like the soapmaker in this image, could purchase labor by enslaving or indenturing individuals rather than paying wages.

Sarin Images/GRANGER — All rights reserved.